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初中生英語(yǔ)基本知識(shí)
初中生英語(yǔ)基本知識(shí)：
定語(yǔ)從句：
（一）基礎(chǔ)：引導(dǎo)詞---who, which, that, whom,
練習(xí)1.I like cities___________are quiet and clean. 2.I prefer students _________are hard- working.
3.I hate TV shows _________ are noisy and boring.4.The music __________ is gentle and quiet attracts me a lot.
5.The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.
6.Those boys ___________ are playing basketballs over there are from Class Fifteen.
7.The books ____________ are written by Lu Xun are worth reading.
8.The town ___we visited last week is much larger than before.9.The book ___ he bought is very interesting.
（二）特例：只用that的情況
1先行詞被___________或___________所修飾，或本身是______________________時(shí)，只能用 that，
2.被修飾的`先行詞為 ________________________________________________等不定代詞時(shí), 只能用 that.
3.先行詞被 _____________________________________________等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用 that，而不用 which。
4.先行詞里同時(shí)含有______________________，如I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
5. 以______________________引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，只能用that.如： Who is the girl that is crying?
練習(xí)1. I am interested in everything___ is about the 2006 World Cup.
2. Is there anything___I can do for you? 3. This is the very bike ______I lost
4.To my surprise, he gave me nothing __ I need. 5.This is the best dictionary __ I have ever used.
6. He was the first person _______passed the exam.
7.He talked happily about the men and books________interested him greatly.
�。ㄈ﹚hose 1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there.
2. I like the rooms ______windows face south.3. This is the desk ______legs were broken.
4The woman ___ umbrella you took is angry about it.5.Here comes a girl ___ handwriting is the best .
6The banana __skin is green can’t be eaten.7That tall tree _ leaves are yellow is very old.
（四）從句謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞確定，時(shí)態(tài)由從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)決定，不必跟主句保持一致。
1-He is one of the boys who ____ (doesn’t, don’t) finish doing homework.
2-I like films which ____(be) exciting and interesting.
3-Children who often ____(eat) junk food are easy to become fat and unhealthy.
4-That boy who _____(run) fastest is from our class.
5Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
6The trees which _____ (be) watered yesterday belong to them. 7The man who ____ over there is our teacher.(stand) 8Those boys who ____ playing the guitar are from our school. (be)
9Mr. Brown is one of the foreign experts _______ _________ (work) in China.
10I’m one of the boys ______ ________(like) English best.
(五)“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”注意： 介詞的選用要考慮：
A.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系
1）I will never forget the day __________ I joined the army.
2) I will never forget the days ______ I worked here.
3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.
B. 與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣
1）Have you found the book ________I paid 29 dollars?
2）Have you found the book ________I spent 29 dollars?
3) Have you found the book _____________we learnt a lot?
4) Have you found the book _______she often talks?
關(guān)系副詞的用法
練習(xí)：1. It must be a good place ________________we can do a lot of exercise.
2.This is the village _________________we visited last week.
3.The house _______ we live in is very big./ The house _______ we live is very big
4. The woman ___________ talked to you just now is a doctor. The woman ______ you talked to is my sister.
The woman to ___________ you talked is my sister. 5. This is the hospital ____________ I was born in.
This is the hospital in _________I was born. This is the hospital____________ I was born.
綜合練習(xí)一. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空
1. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. This is the present ____he gave me for my birthday.3.The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.
4. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.
5. There is nothing in the world ______can frighten him.6. We visited a factory _______makes toys for children.
7. Is this the place _______ your father once lived 8. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.
9The car______my father bought last month is beautiful.10The man______hair is white is his grandfather.
二 1.Rosa likes music ___ is quiet and gentle. A. when B. that C. where D. who
2.--Is the girl _ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend--Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
3 Yao Ming is a famous basketball star ___ is playing in the NBA. A. whose B. who C. what D. which
4. The doctor ___I am waiting for is Mr. Smith. A. which B. whom C. whose D. why
5. --- Do you know Hong Zhanhui? ---Yes. He’s the college student ____ has moved Chinese people a lot.
A. who B. which C. what D. whom
6. In my family, my sister is the only person __ loves chocolate. A. which B. who C. whom D. she
7. This is the place ____ the old man lived last year. A. when B. where C. that D.which
8. The song ___ Jay Zhou sings are popular with students. A. why B. whom C. what D. which
9. The farmer was very thankful to the doctor ___ treated his son. A. what B. which C. who D. whose
10.I like to live in a house__ is big and bright. A. that B. who C. how D. why
11. The young lady ___ we met yesterday is our new math teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which
12. --Can you introduce the town to me? --OK. This is the town in __ I was born. A. that B. who C. which
13. Miss green is the only person __ can help you with your English. A. she B. whom C. which D. who
14. I like the second football match ___was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /
15. Is there anything ____ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs
16. I hate people ___ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they
17. This is the only book ___I am looking for. A. that B. which C. who D. whom
18 Her sister__ you met at my home was a teacher of English. A. whom B. that is C. which D. who is
19 The book__is sold out at the moment. A.you need Bwhat you need C.which you need it D that you need it
20 I'm one of the boys ______never late for school. A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
21.__cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. Those who C. However D. The one who
22. The old man __yesterday is a scientist.A.I spoke B. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him
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