英語四級仔細閱讀解題技巧之細節(jié)題

　　細節(jié)題，是指在考查考生對事實細節(jié)的確定，高中英語細節(jié)題的解題技巧。這類試題一般只針對文章中某一特定的細節(jié)，也可能涉及若干個細節(jié)，或者針對文章的主要事實，或利用圖形圖表或地圖來表示信息等。今天小編就來講一講閱讀考試中的那些小方法、小技巧。更多相關信息請關注相應欄目！

　　細節(jié)題

　　這類題側重考查考生對短文中某一特定細節(jié)內(nèi)容的理解，可分為事實題、推理題和語義題。

　　事實題測試考生獲取說明主題的事實和細節(jié)的能力，其內(nèi)容多涉及人物、地點、原因、數(shù)字等。

　　推理題測試考生根據(jù)閱讀材料表層意義推斷其隱含意義的能力，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，有理有據(jù)地推斷出正確答案。

　　語義題測試考生對閱讀材料中的關鍵詞語及某些句子的理解能力，尤其是根據(jù)上下文猜測詞匯和句子特殊含義的能力。

　　例 (四級真題)

　　Alex Pang’s amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we’re not online, where we spend four months annually, we’re engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.

　　The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It’s a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness. A “professional futurist”, Pang urges an approach which he calls “contemplative (沉思的) computing.” He asks that you pay full attention to “how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology.”

　　Pang’s first job is to free you from the common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn’t advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to “take a more ecological (生態(tài)的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder.”

　　The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain fields of labor-often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, “Architecture is first and foremost about thinking…and drawing is a more productive way of thinking” than computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang’s solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a quit-smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a “digital Sabbath (安息日)”. “Unless you’re a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you’ll discover that your world doesn’t fall apart when you go offline.”

　　1. Alex Pang’s new book is aimed for readers who ______.

　　A) find their work online too stressful

　　B) go online mainly for entertainment

　　C) are fearful about using the cellphone or computer

　　D) can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet

　　2. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?

　　A) Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.

　　B) Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.

　　C) Predict the trend of future technological development.

　　D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.

　　3. What is the common view on multitasking?

　　A) It enables people to work more efficiently.

　　B) It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking.

　　C) It makes people’s work and life even harder.

　　D) It distracts people’s attention from useful work.

　　4. What does the author think of computer-aided design?

　　A) It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.

　　B) It somewhat restrains architects’ productive thinking.

　　C) It is indispensable in architects’ work process.

　　D) It can free architects from laborious drawing.

　　5. What is Alex Pang’s recommendation for Internet users?

　　A) They use the Internet as little as possible.

　　B) They keep a record of their computer use time.

　　C) They exercise self-control over their time online.

　　D) They entertain themselves online on off-days only.

　　這篇文章所設的五道題均為細節(jié)題，1、2和3是事實題，4、5是推理題。

　　從這幾道題的答案我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)此類題的普遍特征，即題干中的某些詞語和表達方式與原文中的詞語和表達方式相吻合，

　　這表明了原文中與問題相關的地方，考生可以直接查找;

　　同時，另一些問題則需要考生在理解原文的基礎上進行推理才能得出。

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