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高考英語作文寫作指導(dǎo)
怎樣復(fù)習(xí)容易提高成績(jī)恐怕是所有高考考生關(guān)心的問題。為了幫助考生在考試中從容應(yīng)答，下面小編為大家搜集了高考英語作文寫作指導(dǎo)，一起來看看吧。
(一)掌握技巧：
(1)注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，合理布局
開始部分(opening paragraph)——說出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問題。
正文部分(Body paragraphs)——圍繞主題開展敘述、討論。
結(jié)尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——對(duì)全文的總結(jié)和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系，內(nèi)容完整、連貫。前后呼應(yīng)，祛除與主題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容.
(2)確定主題句
主題句是對(duì)全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)在一篇文章的開頭，而后，全文對(duì)主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋，擴(kuò)展。
寫主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
�、贇w納出你要寫的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)
②提煉出一句具有概括性的話
�、壑黝}句應(yīng)具有可讀性，抓住、吸引讀者。
(二)巧用連接詞
要想使文章有整體性、連貫性，就要學(xué)會(huì)正確使用連接詞
表示羅列增加
First, second, third,
First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing……for another……
On (the) one hand…on the other hand,
Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,
Especially / In particular,
表示時(shí)間順序
now, at present, recently,
after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,
at first, in the beginning, to begin with,
later, next, finally,
immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment
form now on, from then on,
at the same time, meanwhile,
till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,
表示解釋說明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,
表示并列關(guān)系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor
表示因果關(guān)系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示條件關(guān)系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示讓步關(guān)系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever,
whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示舉例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比較
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,
表示目的
for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,
表示概括歸納
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,
(三)掌握常用句型：
1. in order to
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想，他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that
她拼命干活以便到六點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..
3. so…that
他們太累了，除了伸懶腰什么都做不了了。
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.
4. such…that
天氣非常冷，以致于街上一個(gè)人都沒有。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.
5. would rather do…than do
他寧愿聽他人講而不愿自己說。
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.
6. prefer doing to doing
他寧愿在精心準(zhǔn)備后去做報(bào)告。
He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.
7. prefer to do…rather than do
比起女人，男人總是寧可在家睡覺也不愿花那么多時(shí)間來購(gòu)物。
Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.
8. not only…but also
在短短的三年的時(shí)間里她不但完成了所有課程，而且還獲得了博士學(xué)位。
In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.
9. either…or
如果考試過關(guān)，你可以買一個(gè)MP3或去云南玩一趟。
You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.
10. Neither…nor
他是一個(gè)無聊的人，既不愛娛樂，也不愛讀書。
He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.
11. as well as
他善良又樂于助人。
He was kind as well as helpful.
12. …as well
這個(gè)小孩活潑又可愛。
The child is active and funny as well.
13. One…the other
你看見桌子上有兩只筆嗎?一支是紅色的，另一支是黑色的。
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.
14. Some…others
每個(gè)人都很忙，有些在讀書，有些在寫作。
Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.
15. make…+adj /n
我們所做的可以讓世界更美麗。
What we do will make the world more beautiful.
16. not…until
直到他告訴我發(fā)生的事，我才了解真相。
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.
17. as if
他夸夸其談好像什么事都知道。
He talks a lot as if he knows everything.
18. It is no use (good) doing…
假裝不懂規(guī)則是行不通的。
It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.
19. find it + adj to do…
我覺得作聽力時(shí)有必要作筆記。
I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.
20. It is + time since…
我已經(jīng)有兩年沒見他了。
It is two years since I last met him.
21. It is + time when…
我到電影院時(shí)已經(jīng)八點(diǎn)鐘了。
It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.
22. It is + time before…
不久我們就會(huì)再見面的。
I won’t be long before we can meet again.
23. It is…that…
我最珍視的是友誼。
It is friendship that I value most.
24. It is + n / adj + that / to do…
每個(gè)人都必須懂得如何使用計(jì)算機(jī)
It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.
高考英語作文寫作指導(dǎo)：新題型作文如何提分
20xx年新頒布的高中英語學(xué)科高考考試說明中指出，高考英語作文新增材料作文，即讀寫任務(wù)型作文。具體要求是：給出一篇小短文，要求考生用約30字概括出其主要內(nèi)容，再按接下來的具體要求進(jìn)行寫作。那么這樣提高英語作文的分?jǐn)?shù)呢？以下是三大提分技巧：
第一招：裝點(diǎn)門戶，即卷面與書寫
漂亮清晰的書寫與整潔的卷面會(huì)給人以賞心悅目之感，能為自己的作文贏得良好的第一印象分。此外，要注意高考英語答題紙上明確注明不能超出黑色邊框區(qū)域。最后，寫作中，學(xué)生難免有需要修改的地方，在考試中要注意用直線整齊的劃去，盡量避免用水筆胡亂涂去，否則會(huì)給人以亂糟糟的第一印象。也要避免用一些特殊符號(hào)。裝點(diǎn)好門戶，為自己爭(zhēng)取印象分，這是必不可少的第一步。
第二招：搭好腳手架，即內(nèi)容與框架
首先，關(guān)于是否添加標(biāo)題的問題，考生應(yīng)該參照具體的寫作要求。其次，分段問題。大原則就是除去頭尾，幾點(diǎn)幾段。切忌段落不分，從頭到尾僅一段。再者，就是謹(jǐn)慎審題。今年高考作文提供的材料是一篇議論文，典型的錯(cuò)誤審題有：
1.寫英文詞典收錄中文詞匯。造成這種錯(cuò)誤的原因是學(xué)生的思維定式覆蓋了審題。如今，無論是BBC網(wǎng)站，還是國(guó)外重量級(jí)媒體，都的確多次直接引用中文，像“no zuo no die”(不作死就不會(huì)死)，“tuhao”(土豪)。高考寫作考察的卻是高考近期剛出的熱點(diǎn)話題，考生也許未來得及關(guān)注，只是跟著自己的感覺走，不認(rèn)真審題，就導(dǎo)致了全文偏題。
2.既寫支持又寫反對(duì)。寫作內(nèi)容第一點(diǎn)要求考生寫支持或反對(duì)漢語詞典收錄英語詞匯。所以，考生只能二選一，不可既支持又反對(duì)。
3.話題隨意演變。有考生從第二段起開始寫在日常生活中使用英語的重要或者不重要性。還有甚至直接談?dòng)⒄Z取代中文的可能和不可能性。這些都屬于不同程度的偏題現(xiàn)象。
4.首尾段符合寫作要求，中間出現(xiàn)“打醬油”內(nèi)容。
第三招：正確的審題與合理的框架布局是作文成功的前奏
要真正奪取作文的高分，還必須從詞匯，語法結(jié)構(gòu)上下功夫，也就意味著考生必須從平時(shí)抓起，夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，抓牢基本功，不能想寫卻寫不出來，或者落筆就錯(cuò)。要取得高分作文，基礎(chǔ)詞匯，高級(jí)的詞匯和高級(jí)的句型都是必備條件。
在作文中，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)錯(cuò)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)都屬于大錯(cuò)，其他如介詞，冠詞，大小寫，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等屬于小錯(cuò)。如基礎(chǔ)詞匯中，表明支持或反對(duì)的，應(yīng)作sb.be in favor of，但很多考生落筆就成了sb.in favor of，這就屬于動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)，因?yàn)閎e動(dòng)詞沒有了。“反對(duì)”用sb.be against，很多學(xué)生也容易誤寫成sb.against，同樣屬于動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)，屬大錯(cuò)。因此，我們學(xué)生在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練中首先要將基礎(chǔ)詞匯，詞組記準(zhǔn)確了，并靈活運(yùn)用。
學(xué)生還需在基礎(chǔ)詞匯過關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)上穿插一些高級(jí)詞組和句型。如，寫某物很重要，important這個(gè)詞就沒有significant來得好，如果寫作be of significance，可以看出學(xué)生對(duì)文字的應(yīng)用能力相對(duì)要強(qiáng)。高級(jí)句型主要是指定語從句，狀語從句，名詞性從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，倒裝句，虛擬語氣，省略句等。如果在行文中恰當(dāng)?shù)拇┎�，就�?huì)為自己的寫作錦上添花。高級(jí)詞組及句型的使用是考生優(yōu)秀作文的必要充分條件。
高考英語話題作文寫作指導(dǎo)及佳作欣賞
話題體裁：
人物介紹和描述屬于說明寫作任務(wù)，但常通過應(yīng)用文體裁來設(shè)置寫作題目，尤其以寫介紹信、推薦信等為主。寫作格式一般不作要求，但要注意文章的主要內(nèi)容的謀篇布局。
話題內(nèi)容：
話題屬于個(gè)人情況（personal information）的描述和介紹該話題來涉及的內(nèi)容有：
1、個(gè)人信息：名字、年齡、出生時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)、外貌特征、個(gè)人性格和品質(zhì)、愛好和興趣、通訊方式等。
2、家庭情況：家庭出身、父母的情況等。
3、學(xué)校教育及其學(xué)業(yè)情況：相關(guān)學(xué)校、主修專業(yè)、學(xué)習(xí)評(píng)價(jià)等。
4、工作和事業(yè)情況：從事職業(yè)、工作過程特點(diǎn)、主要成就、地位和評(píng)價(jià)等。在寫作過程中，一般是要根據(jù)題目要求，選取需要表達(dá)的某些重要信息，而非囊括全部?jī)?nèi)容。
話題詞匯：
1、描述個(gè)人信息的重要詞匯：
Ordinary looking相貌平平；beautiful/handsome漂亮/英��；well dressed穿戴整齊；with thick glasses戴深度眼鏡的；full of energy精力充沛；serious嚴(yán)肅的；humorous幽默；patient耐心的；determined有毅力的；optimistic樂觀的；warm—hearted熱心腸的；easy—going溫和寬容的；be strict with sb/in sth對(duì)…嚴(yán)格的；be relaxed with/get on well with與…相處融洽。
2、介紹學(xué)校教育及其學(xué)業(yè)的詞匯：
graduate from畢業(yè)于；be major in主修；be good at擅長(zhǎng)；win the prize獲獎(jiǎng)。
3、對(duì)工作和事業(yè)情況描述的詞匯：
devote …to …/make contributions to致力于…；make …lively and interesting使…生動(dòng)有趣；be respected受到尊敬；be popular with …受…喜愛；be much impressed by對(duì)…的印象深刻；be considered as/to be被認(rèn)為是…；sing high praise for/think highly of高度評(píng)價(jià)
話題句型：
1、基本信息（利用同位語結(jié)構(gòu)，使文章簡(jiǎn)潔，通順）：
�。�1）Born in a poor family，sb。a great novelist，had little school education of no more than…
�。�2）Sb. the son of a poor family，was born in…on…
�。�3）Sb.works hard/lives a simple life though he/she was born in a rich family。
2、外貌和品質(zhì)（巧用with作定語）
（1）He is a near—sighted/far—sighted guy with a pair of glasses on his nose。
�。�2）She is good—looking with long beautiful hair。
�。�3）He is a tall and thin guy with thick eyebrows，looking very handsome。
3、教育和學(xué)業(yè)（盡量用非謂語動(dòng)詞，使文章精煉）：
（1）Majored in…，he graduated from…in…and…h(huán)e went abroad for further studies。
�。�2）Being good at…，he/she once won the first prize in…competition。
4、工作和事業(yè)（合理使用復(fù)合句、倒裝、非限定定語從句等潤(rùn)色文章）：
�。�1）Not only is he interested in science，but also he has a gift for music。
�。�2）So hard does he work that he devotes almost all his lifetime to our human cause。
�。�3）With great determination，he took 37years to finish the book，which makes a great contribution to…
5、綜合評(píng)價(jià)（注意運(yùn)用一些動(dòng)詞、形容詞短語）：
�。�1）Sb。 set us a good example，so all the people spoke highly of him and all respected him。
（2）We sing high praise for his brave stories，and they will spread all over the world。
（3）Sb。 makes great contributions to…，which made him well known…
話題作文：
你的美國(guó)筆友Peter暑假期間來中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)中文，發(fā)E—mail來請(qǐng)求你給推薦一位好老師。請(qǐng)你寫一封120—150詞的回信，將你校最優(yōu)秀的語文老師的個(gè)人信息和教學(xué)情況介紹給他。
寫作指導(dǎo)：
本話題作文介紹和推薦的是一位語文老師，個(gè)人信息描述要簡(jiǎn)單；要突出其學(xué)習(xí)和受教育的專業(yè)性；重點(diǎn)是其工作特點(diǎn)、主要成就、獲得的評(píng)價(jià)和地位等。
佳作欣賞：
Dear Peter，
I am very glad to know that you will come here to study Chinese this summer holidays。 Now I recommend one best Chinese teachers to you。
Lin Tao，a head teacher of my class，is an ordinary—looking man。 After four years’ study in the Chinese department of Beijing University，he finally realized his dream of becoming a Chinese teacher。 With wide knowledge and rich teaching experience，he has a unique teaching methodology to make his class lively and impressive。 Further，he is getting along well with his students，which makes him respected and loved as a teacher and a friend as well。 In the past few years，he was awarded as a model teacher for many times。
I’m sure you will like him if you come to attend his lectures。 I believe you will make great progress in Chinese leaning with his help。
Best wishes！
一試身手：
請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一份介紹“我國(guó)著名的跨欄運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔”的小貼士，參加某英文網(wǎng)站的題為The Greatest Athletes Around the World的大討論。
注意：介紹部分詞數(shù)100左右
高考英語作文的寫作指導(dǎo)
一、寫作指導(dǎo)
敘事類記敘文通常要將時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果等六個(gè)要素交代清楚。好的記敘文具有描述事件具體、人物逼真形象、故事生動(dòng)感人、材料表現(xiàn)中心和寫作主旨明確等特征。高考英語基礎(chǔ)寫作中的敘事類短文也需要具有記敘文寫作的一般特點(diǎn)，但要求相對(duì)比較低，其考查重點(diǎn)在語言運(yùn)用正確、句子連貫通順、信息點(diǎn)表述完整等方面。寫作時(shí)要注意以下幾個(gè)方面的問題：
1、嚴(yán)格按照基礎(chǔ)寫作的要求完成各個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，不要為了文章的生動(dòng)而隨意添加信息。
2、信息點(diǎn)的表述不要完全按照題目所給的順序，要適當(dāng)重組信息點(diǎn)。
3、記敘文寫作的時(shí)態(tài)多數(shù)是用一般過去時(shí)，但也要注意靈活運(yùn)用其它時(shí)態(tài)。
4、敘事類記敘文的話題通常和中學(xué)生的生活閱歷有關(guān)，如校園生活、旅游、交通、交友等，平時(shí)要注意積累這些方面的詞匯和短語。
二、常用語句
1.表達(dá)時(shí)間
A long time ago, at six o’clock in the morning, at the end of, at the weekend, before he came here, by the end of last term, during the summer holidays, in a few years’ time, in the past, in the old days, in the past ten years, in August 20XX, in winter vacation, in weekdays, last month, next week, on Sunday morning, on October 1st, since early in the 20th century, so far, up to now, not…until, while , etc.
2.表達(dá)地點(diǎn)
At the crossing, at the end of the street, at the airport, at the village, at the foot of the mountain, at the bottom, at the top of, be located in, behind the park, be situated in, five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou, in the south of Guangdong Province, in the middle of the park, in Class 3 Grade 2, in the front of the bus, in front of the bus, in the tree, in Guangdong, in China, lies to the west of Sichuan, on the other side of the street, on both sides of the road, on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ,on the right, etc.
3.表達(dá)因果
As, as a result, because, because of, for, in the end, cause, result in, consequently, originate from, since, so, therefore, It is clear that… , It turns out to be… , The primary reason is … , etc.
4.事件話題
�。�1）學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)
Be active in class, be interested in, be interesting to sb., be fond of, be good at , be poor at , be tired of one’s work, be weak in, do one’s homework, do sports after school, do well in; education for all-round development（素質(zhì)教育），examination-oriented education system（應(yīng)試教育），fail in the test, get a doctor’s degree, get on well with English, get an “A” in the exam, get 90 marks for English, give sb. a passing grade, have a good command of the language, have eight classes every day, help with each other, lay a good foundation in, learn…by heart, major in history, make friends with sb., make progress in, put one’s heart into, pass the examination, study in groups, succeed in doing sth., take an active part in the activity, take several courses at school, work out a problem, work on a maths problem , work hard at, etc.
�。�2）師生關(guān)系及其活動(dòng)
Be friendly to sb., be kind to sb, be a strict teacher, be strict with one’s pupils, be strict in one’s work, be satisfied with , blame sb. for sth, correct the students’ homework carefully, devote all one’s time to work, form a good habit of, get on well with sb, give advice on, give sb a lot of work , help sb with sth , make one’s lessons lively and interesting, praise sb for sth., prepare for tomorrow’s lesson, question sb on, teach sb. English , teach sb how to do sth., etc.
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