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GRE閱讀理解中的虛擬語氣
GRE閱讀理解中看到虛擬語氣,我們該如何解讀呢?
(1) 若在GRE閱讀理解中看到虛擬語氣,考慮直接取非反義理解,迅速把握作者態(tài)度。
如下面這句話:
例一:Perhaps, some scientists thought, migrants determine their geographic position on Earth by celestial navigation, almost as human navigators use stars and planets, but this would demand of the animals a fantastic map sense. (選自N0.6題第一套section 1短文章)
這句話看似很長,翻譯成為中文的意思是:“有些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為,就像人類采用恒星和行星來定位一樣,候鳥或許也是采用天體的導(dǎo)航才得以確定它們所處的地理位置,但這要求這類動(dòng)物具有令人難以置信的地圖感。”中文讀過去都讓人頭疼。其實(shí)我們用虛擬語氣取非的思想來處理,其要表達(dá)的意思就很簡單,對(duì)前半句話取非,說白了就是前半句話是行不通的,也就是“migrants cannot determine their geographic position on Earth by celestial navigation.”可以知道作者對(duì)這種解釋持負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)。
我們再來看某年GRE考試的一個(gè)例子:
例二:According to natural selection theory, a worker would enhance her fitness—or ability to propagate her genes—by hatching her own eggs in addition to or in place of the queen’s.(選自國內(nèi)題1993年10月考題section 5短文章)
這句話也是虛擬語氣,我們直接取反理解,作者想要表達(dá)的就是 “a worker will not enhance her …”
運(yùn)用這種取非的思想我們可以迅速的把握作者的態(tài)度,以及作者想要表達(dá)的真實(shí)意思。就不用先翻譯成繞口的中文,再拼命的思索其中的含義,可以有效地為考試爭取時(shí)間。
(2)在題干中看到虛擬語氣,大多需要用到取非思想,與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的一種題型是新GRE閱讀中常見的一種,叫做“改進(jìn)型取非題”。看例子之前,先簡單解釋下什么是“改進(jìn)型取非題”。很簡單,如果題干問“如果一個(gè)對(duì)象怎樣會(huì)更好”則是改進(jìn)型取非題,來看具體的例子:
例:It can be inferred from the passage that the “first theories” of grazer control mentioned in line 3 would have been more convincing if researchers had been able to(選自NO.6第二套section 1長文章),這是一個(gè)典型的改進(jìn)型取非題題干,問的是第三行第一個(gè)理論怎樣會(huì)更好。
邏輯思路:既然是改進(jìn),原文肯定說到了它的不好之處或者有unless的句子,我們把造成不好的原因取非,就是所要的答案了。
按照此思路定位原文三行,看到后面有這樣一句話“A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.”注意看插入語部分的“but did not prove”,這個(gè)就是缺點(diǎn),取非就是“prove”再看五個(gè)選項(xiàng):
(A) observe high phytoplankton numbers under natural lake conditions
(B) discover negative correlations between algae and zooplankton numbers from their field research
(C) understand the central importance of environmental factors in controlling the growth rates of phytoplankton
(D) make verifiable correlations of cause and effect between zooplankton and phytoplankton numbers
(E) invent laboratory techniques that would have allowed them to bypass their field research concerning grazer control
一眼掃過去就只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)在講證明,就是D中的verifiable。所以答案選D。很快解完此題。
關(guān)于GRE閱讀理解中的虛擬語氣的介紹就是這些,大家可以在平時(shí)準(zhǔn)備新GRE閱讀的時(shí)候多做練習(xí),這就不用再擔(dān)心在GRE考試中遇到相關(guān)的問題了。
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