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關(guān)于人際關(guān)系的高考英語(yǔ)作文指導(dǎo)
高考英語(yǔ)作文對(duì)“人際關(guān)系”這一話題的考查,不外乎父母與子女的關(guān)系、師生關(guān)系、同學(xué)或朋友關(guān)系以及鄰里關(guān)系,通常針對(duì)如何建立人際關(guān)系或影響人際關(guān)系的某一方面來(lái)命題,涉及信任、尊重、交流、傾聽、友誼、感恩等子話題。
寫作任務(wù)：
假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生張華,班里從外地轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)一名同學(xué)李明,他一時(shí)無(wú)法融入新的班集體中,感到很苦惱。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給他寫封信。
(1)幫他分析原因;(2)給他提出建議;(3)陳述你幫助他的具體打算。
注意:詞數(shù)120～150。
這道作文題涉及的是人際關(guān)系中“友誼”這一子話題。試題雖然列出了三個(gè)寫作要點(diǎn),但沒(méi)有給出具體內(nèi)容,這就大大增加了寫作難度。由于缺乏積累,一些同學(xué)臨時(shí)思考,匆忙組織,導(dǎo)致作文內(nèi)容空洞膚淺、不切實(shí)際,語(yǔ)句表達(dá)單調(diào)、無(wú)條理,詞匯運(yùn)用平淡、匱乏。如果我們能在平時(shí)對(duì)人際關(guān)系這一話題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容和表達(dá)作如下系統(tǒng)的積累和準(zhǔn)備,遇到相關(guān)試題,就可以根據(jù)具體的寫作要求,從容應(yīng)對(duì)。
1. 建立良好人際關(guān)系的意義
與朋友:Friends are our treasures. A good friend is someone that lets us be ourselves and hopefully encourages us to be the best part of ourselves. How many times have they shared the joys and sorrows together with us? How many times have they offered help to us when we’re in need? In fact, without a friend, nothing much seems enjoyable.
與父母:Our parents should also be our closest friends. The relationship between parents and children has great influence on the life of both sides.
與老師:It is the teachers who give us knowledge, develop our ability, and put wings on us, with which we can fly towards our ideals.
與鄰里:Just as a proverb says, “A close neighbor is better than a distant relative.”
2. 建立良好人際關(guān)系的條件
誠(chéng)信:We have to be honest with others and should always say what we mean. Lies will surely make people stay far away from us in the long run.
禮貌:We have to be polite and modest enough. If we are proud or rude in public, we can hardly win others’ respect, not to mention “friendship”.
無(wú)私:We must not be selfish. We should learn how to show concern for others.
有價(jià)值:We need to be valuable to the person we want to be friends with. We have to have something to offer other people, something of value which they are prepared to exchange for what they can offer.
3. 如何建立良好的人際關(guān)系
主動(dòng)介紹:Introduce yourself and talk to others so that they will know more about you. As your communication goes further, you’re sure to find much in common.
積極參與:Attend parties, sports events and special gatherings. In this way you and others will know more about each other.
大膽交流:Don’t be too shy. Voice your opinions so that others will know you are a person of thought.
真誠(chéng)溝通:Make full use of your passion and kindness to bridge the gap between you and others.
4. 建立良好人際關(guān)系的障礙
過(guò)于膽怯:You might be a bit shy in the new surroundings.
過(guò)于敏感:You might be a sensitive person and worry too much about what people think of you.
過(guò)于內(nèi)向:You might be too silent. However, silence only makes matters worse.
5. 如何維持良好的人際關(guān)系
避免爭(zhēng)吵:Try to avoid quarrels. Discuss and negotiate with your friends when your opinions differ.
善于傾聽:Be a good listener while your friends are talking. Listening contributes to building up excellent relationships between people.
真誠(chéng)待人:Be sincere to your friends, especially when you think they’re doing something wrong.
樂(lè)于助人:Be ready to help your friends whenever they’re in need.
有了以上較為系統(tǒng)的積累,寫作時(shí),我們只需在滿足格式、結(jié)構(gòu)要求的前提下,根據(jù)試題的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),選擇相關(guān)的進(jìn)行從容表達(dá)。
例如山東卷的這道題,根據(jù)信件的形式和“幫助同學(xué)融入班級(jí)”這一主題,文章首先應(yīng)符合英文書信的寫作格式,正文則應(yīng)根據(jù)“分析李明難以融入班級(jí)的原因”“提出建議”“陳述具體打算”這幾個(gè)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),從內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)備中選擇合適的進(jìn)行表達(dá)。例如,難以融入新集體的原因可能是You might be a bit shy in such new surroundings;提出的建議有:Silence only makes matters worse. Be brave and make full use of your passion and kindness to bridge the gap between us. As the communication between us goes further, we’re sure to find much in common;你具體的打算可以是:I will take you with me when activities are planned,等等。在此基礎(chǔ)上,表達(dá)連貫、有條理就可以了。
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