already與yet的區(qū)別

　　導(dǎo)語：already與yet同用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示已經(jīng)的意思，那么應(yīng)該如何區(qū)分呢？讓我們了解一下吧！

　　Already and Yet - Used with the Present Perfect

　　already和yet——用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)

　　Both already and yet refer activities around the present moment in time.

　　二者指的都是現(xiàn)在某個(gè)活動(dòng)。

　　I have already finished my lunch.

　　我已經(jīng)吃完午飯了。

　　Have you seen Tom yet?

　　你看到湯姆了嗎？

　　They haven't visited Rome yet.

　　他們沒有去羅馬。

　　Already - Referring To a Past Event

　　指過去的事件

　　Already is used to something that happened before the moment of speaking. However, it refers to something that affects the present moment in time. Let's take a look at a few examples:

　　already用來指發(fā)生于說話之前的事件。但是，它指代的是對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響的事件。下面我們看看幾個(gè)例子;

　　I have already finished the report.

　　我已經(jīng)完成報(bào)告了。

　　This sentence could be used to express the idea that I finished the report and it is ready to read now.

　　該句話可以用來表示，我完成了報(bào)告，現(xiàn)在可以看了。

　　She has already seen that film.

　　她已經(jīng)看過那個(gè)電影了。

　　This sentence might express that the woman saw the film in the past, so she has no desire in the present moment to see the film.

　　該句話可以用來表示，這位女士之前看過這場電影，所以她現(xiàn)在不想再看了。

　　They have already eaten.

　　他們已經(jīng)吃完了。

　　This sentence would probably be used to state that they are no longer hungry in the present moment.

　　該句話可以用來表示，他們現(xiàn)在不餓了的意思。

　　The key to using 'already' is to remember that an action that has happened in the past - often in the recent past - affects the present moment or a decision about the present moment in time and therefore is used with the present perfect tense.

　　already用法的關(guān)鍵所在就是，記住這個(gè)動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過去——通常是最近——對現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在的決定產(chǎn)生影響，因此要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。

　　Already - Sentence Placement

　　句中的位置

　　Already is placed between the auxiliary verb 'have' and the participle form of the verb. It is used in the positive form and should not be used in the negative.

　　Already位于助動(dòng)詞have和動(dòng)詞的分詞形式之間。它用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)，而非被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

　　Subject + have / has + already + past participle + objects

　　主語+have/has+already+過去分詞+賓語

　　I have already seen that film.

　　我已經(jīng)看過這個(gè)電影了。

　　Mary has already been to Seattle.

　　瑪麗已經(jīng)去過西雅圖了。

　　NOT!!

　　錯(cuò)誤用法：

　　I have seen already that film.

　　我已經(jīng)看過這個(gè)電影了。

　　Already is generally not used in the question form. However, when expressing surprise in a rhetorical question it is sometimes used in informal conversations.

　　already一般不用于疑問句中。但是，當(dāng)以反問的形式表達(dá)驚訝時(shí)，already可以用于一些非正式對話中。

　　Have you already eaten?!

　　你已經(jīng)吃完了？！

　　Have you already finished?!

　　你已經(jīng)完成了？！

　　Yet - Asking Questions

　　用于疑問句中

　　Yet is used to check whether something has occurred up to the present moment.

　　yet用于確認(rèn)某事目前有沒有發(fā)生。

　　Have you seen that film yet?

　　你看過那個(gè)電影嗎？

　　Has Tim done his homework yet?

　　蒂姆做完作業(yè)了嗎？

　　You may notice that there is a similarity to the use of 'ever' in the present perfect to ask a question:

　　你可能會注意到，這種用法與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中關(guān)于ever的疑問句類似：

　　Have you ever seen that film?

　　你看過那個(gè)電影嗎？

　　Have you seen that film yet?

　　你看過那個(gè)電影嗎？

　　These questions are very similar in meaning, but yet is generally used to ask about something closer to the present moment. Yet is often used when someone expects something to have occurred recently.

　　這些問句在意義上十分相似，但是yet一般用于詢問不久前發(fā)生的某件事。Yet常用于某人期望最近發(fā)生某事。

　　Have you finished that report yet? - In this case a colleague expects the report to be finished soon.

　　你完成報(bào)告了嗎？——在這種情況下，同事是希望報(bào)告可以很快完成的。

　　NOT

　　錯(cuò)誤用法：

　　Have you ever finished that repot? - Ever is used to ask about experience in general, not whether something specific has been completed recently.

　　你完成報(bào)告了嗎？——ever一般用來詢問是否經(jīng)歷某事，而不是具體的某件事最近是否完成了。

　　Yet - Question Placement

　　句中的位置

　　Yet is always placed at the end of a question. Notice that yet is not used with question words as questions with yet are yes/no questions.

　　yet常位于疑問句的末尾。注意：yet不會和疑問詞搭配在一起，因?yàn)閹в衴et的疑問句都是關(guān)于是/否的句子。

　　Have + subject + past participle + objects + yet + ?

　　have+主語+過去分詞+賓語+yet+？

　　Examples:

　　例子：

　　Have you finished that report yet?

　　你完成報(bào)告了嗎？

　　Has she bought a new car yet?

　　她買了新車了嗎？

　　Yet - Negative Form

　　用于否定句中

　　Yet is also used in the negative to express that something that is expected has not yet happened. In this case, yet is placed at the end of the sentence.

　　yet也可以用于否定句，用來表示期望某事不要發(fā)生。在這種情況下，yet位于句末。

　　Subject + have not / has not + past participle + objects + yet

　　主語+have not/has not+過去分詞+賓語+yet

　　She hasn't finished the report yet.

　　她沒有完成報(bào)告。

　　Doug and Tom haven't telephoned yet.

　　道格和湯姆沒有通電話。

　　Already - With the Past Perfect

　　用于過去完成時(shí)

　　Already can also be used with the past perfect to express that something had happened before something else. It is used in the same senses explained previously with present perfect usage.

　　already也可以用于過去完成時(shí)，用來表達(dá)某事發(fā)生于另一事件之前。在之前現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中，也可以使用already。

　　She had already eaten when he arrived.

　　當(dāng)他到達(dá)時(shí)，她已經(jīng)吃完了。

　　Jackson had already done his homework when he was asked for help.

　　當(dāng)他求助時(shí)，杰克遜已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。

　　Already - With the Future Perfect

　　用于將來完成時(shí)

　　Already is also used with the future perfect to express that something will have been completed before something else occurs.

　　already也可以用于將來完成時(shí)，用來表達(dá)某事在另一事之前發(fā)生。

　　She will have already finished the paperwork before the meeting.

　　她在會議之前就可以完成文書工作。

　　Frank will have already prepared the report by the time the boss asks for it.

　　在老板問起之前，法蘭克就會準(zhǔn)備好報(bào)告。

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