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初一下英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)教案
一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
1、掌握單詞和重點(diǎn)詞組
2、掌握there be的各種形式及用法
3、能熟練用英語(yǔ)描寫房間、家庭、學(xué)校等建筑
4、熟練掌握方位介詞in, on, behind, under, near, next to, in front of
二、重點(diǎn)詞組
On the first floor 美式英語(yǔ)一樓floor地板，此處指“樓房的層”。英式英語(yǔ)用the ground floor 表示一樓
1. Why not =Why don’t you 復(fù)習(xí)其他提建議的方式
2. Go upstairs上樓 Go downstairs 下樓
3. A moment later 一會(huì)以后
4. You have a nice study。 study名詞：書房 動(dòng)詞：學(xué)習(xí) 與learn的區(qū)別
5. In the front of the house 在屋子（里面的）前面 In front of the house在屋子（外面的）前面
6. Talk about談?wù)? talk with sb.和某人談?wù)?/p>
7. Put them away 把他們收拾好
8. Look after = take care of 照顧，看管
9. In the tree（非樹本身的東西）在樹上 On the tree(樹本身的東西)
10. On the river浮在水面上 over the river 在河上（懸空）
11. On the wall在墻上 in the wall 在墻里
12. Get a letter from sb= hear from sb 注意hear from賓語(yǔ)是人不是信，her of聽說(shuō)某人(物)，hear聽到，聽見，側(cè)重聽的結(jié)果。常用 hear sb doing sth/do sth
13. Tell sb about sth Tell sb to do sth Tell sb sth
14. want sb to do sth/want to do sth
三、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)： There be 句型的用法
There be句型是英語(yǔ)中常見的特殊句型，用以表示某物某事存在或不存在。句中的'there只起引導(dǎo)作用，并無(wú)實(shí)際意義，句子的真正主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be后面的名詞。
1、在there be 句型中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be要與主語(yǔ)（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。
eg. ① There is a bird in the tree.
�、� There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.
�、� There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
2、There be句型與have的區(qū)別：
There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。 eg.①He has two sons.
�、赥here are two men in the office.
當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。
eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.
3、否定句
There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如：
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.
4、特殊疑問句
There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：
① 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用"Who's+介詞短語(yǔ)?"；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用"What's + 介詞短語(yǔ)?"。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如：
There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
�、� 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語(yǔ)?"啦！例如：
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
�、� 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)？
How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)？
used to表示過去常常做某事.
例句: I used to play football after school.過去我常常在放學(xué)后踢球.
be used to do的意思是被用來(lái)做某事;be used to doing的意思是習(xí)慣于做某事.
used to + do："過去常常"表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)
be used to + doing： 對(duì)……已感到習(xí)慣，或"習(xí)慣于"，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步)
Topic 2 What’s your home like?
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：There be 句型
① There be句型的否定句
�、� There be句型的疑問句
③ There be句型的就近原則
�、� There be句型的反意疑問句
�、軹here be句型與have/has的區(qū)分
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：
be like / an apartment building/ a town house /in the surburbs/
on the street corner/ rent a house with furniture to others / keep money
重點(diǎn)句型 ：
①What’s your home like?
�、赪hat’s the matter ……?
�、跧 hear you playing the piano.
�、躀 can’t hear you ,the line is bad.
⑤I’ll get someone to check it right now .
�、轙he traffic is heavy and the cost of living is high.
�、逿here are many old people and many families with young children living there .
點(diǎn)撥：
一What’s your home like?
Like 動(dòng)詞“喜歡”，介詞“像”。be like像和look like看起來(lái)像。be like 主要用來(lái)詢問人的性格、外貌和事物特征。Look like 主要用來(lái)詢問外貌。
二for rent 出租。wanted求租.rent sth to sb把某物租給某人rent sth from sb 從某人處租某物。
三call sb at ＋ 號(hào)碼。請(qǐng)打......電話與某人聯(lián)系。
四I hear you playing the piano.
hear sb doing sth聽見某人正在做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行）
hear sb do sth (強(qiáng)調(diào)全過程)
五Many shops and restaurants are close to my home .
be close to 離……近。close 與near 都有“靠近”的意思，但close 比near 更近。
Topic 3 Which is the way to the post office?
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：
祈使句
�、倏隙�、否定形式。
�、谔乩�
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：
a ticket for speeding 超速罰單 at the end of the road在路的盡頭 go across走過 turn left/right向左轉(zhuǎn)/向右轉(zhuǎn) on the corner of 在。。。轉(zhuǎn)角/拐彎處 across from 在。。。對(duì)面 between……and 在。。。之間 take the No. 718 bus乘坐718路公共汽車 change to變成 no parking禁止停車 get hurt受傷 obey the traffic rules 遵守交通規(guī)則 keep on the right of the road 保持在路的右邊 at the foot of 在。。。的腳下 hold sth in one’s hand抓住某人的手
重點(diǎn)句型：
一．問路語(yǔ)
�、� Where is ……?
�、� Is there a……near here?
�、� Which is the way to ……?
�、� How can I get to……?
�、� Could you tell me the way to……?
二．指路
�、貵o along/down this road until……
�、赥urn left at the first turning＝Take the first turning on the left.
�、跥o straight ahead and you will see……
�、躀t’s about 15 kilometres away from here.
三．Thank you all the same .＝Thanks anyway.
四．You can’t miss it.
五．You need to take bus No.718……
六．How far is it from here?
七．Everybody must be careful and obey the traffic.
八．We must stop and look both ways before we cross the road.
語(yǔ)法講解：
祈使句：表示請(qǐng)求、命令、禁止、勸告或建議的句子，特點(diǎn)是省略了主語(yǔ)。
祈使句無(wú)主語(yǔ), 主語(yǔ)you常省去;
動(dòng)詞原形謂語(yǔ)當(dāng), 句首加don't否定變;
朗讀應(yīng)當(dāng)用降調(diào), 句末常標(biāo)感嘆號(hào)。
●肯定結(jié)構(gòu):
1. Do型(即:動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語(yǔ))+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。
有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 請(qǐng)這邊走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表語(yǔ)(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一個(gè)好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 讓我來(lái)幫你。
●否定結(jié)構(gòu):
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't構(gòu)成。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘記我!
Don't be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到!
2. Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don't + let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 賓語(yǔ) + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。
3. 有些可用no開頭,用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚!
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