劍橋少兒英語家人教案
劍橋少兒英語家人教案
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
Teaching aims
了解和重點(diǎn)介紹加拿大的概況，因紐特人的歷史和現(xiàn)狀，如：加拿大的國土面積、人口、天氣情況、主要資源及生產(chǎn)情況等；學(xué)習(xí)主謂一致的語法規(guī)則，了解和掌握一些常見的主謂一致現(xiàn)象。
Teaching important and difficult points
1.Words
notice, settle, differently, deal, race, skin, tool, tap, eastern, official, settler, struggle, freeze average, natural, exploit, ordinary, refer, tent, basic
2.Phrases
generally speaking, all the year round, a great deal of, clear up, official language, refer to, settle in, be famous for, make use of, from time to time, struggle against, below freezing
3. Useful expressions
1. I thought you were from the States.
2. A lot of people can’t tell the difference between an American accent and a Canadian accent.
3. What do you mean by…？
4. American spellings are used more and more in Canadian now.
5. That sounds strange.
教學(xué)建議
課文建議
本單元涉及到加拿大的歷史和風(fēng)土人情，教師應(yīng)精心設(shè)計(jì)此課的活動(dòng)，形式以分組討論，問答，圖片展示，經(jīng)歷故事等。如：1）教師可展示加拿大的地圖，教師通過準(zhǔn)備好的問題，讓學(xué)生知道它的地理位置及面積等。2）教師應(yīng)給學(xué)生充分的時(shí)間閱讀，教師可讓學(xué)生從課文中找出典型的句子歸納加拿大的概況，并且進(jìn)一步讓學(xué)生討論加拿大與中國的差異。3）教師為了提高學(xué)生的興趣，可提供給學(xué)生一些加拿大的風(fēng)景、名勝的圖片和照片，相關(guān)的背景材料給學(xué)生們閱讀，如：加拿大的主要城市，民族，國歌，宗教，名勝，河流等。
寫作建議
本單元訓(xùn)練學(xué)生寫中國和加拿大的區(qū)別，首次出現(xiàn)這樣的練習(xí)，老師要給學(xué)生一些必要的提示。提醒學(xué)生都包括哪些方面，應(yīng)先說什么，后說什么。先口頭說出，再寫下來。老師可先給學(xué)生一些問題，讓學(xué)生回答，如學(xué)生回答對(duì)了，讓學(xué)生把這些答語寫出來，老師再指導(dǎo)學(xué)生將這些答語連成句子文章，比如：
Same as ChinaDifferent from China
Large land
Canada has 2 official languages
Weather is different from area to area,
long and hard, winters in the north
Six time areas
Many lakes
Smaller population
Much coal, oil and gas
No places as hot as south China
More fresh water
A lot of forests
教材分析
本單元在對(duì)話課中主要介紹了美國英語和加拿大英語的不同點(diǎn)：如發(fā)音、用法和拼寫等方面。課文用兩篇文章讓學(xué)生們簡單了解加拿大國家的概況及文化背景知識(shí)，在27課中教材用一些練習(xí)幫助學(xué)生們了解和掌握主謂一致的用法和運(yùn)用。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
1.be famous for的講解
以……著名
on.經(jīng)過討論，他們決定不按杰姆的建議做。
2）“弄懂”“聽懂”。例如：
I didn’t quite follow you. Would you please explain it again? 我沒有完全聽懂你的話．你再解釋一下好嗎？
3）“跟……之后走”。例如；
The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students．老師走進(jìn)教室，后面跟著一群學(xué)生．
4）“沿著……”，例如：
The railway follows the river for several miles．鐵路沿著河延伸了幾英里。
Follow the road until you come to the hotel．沿著這條路一直走到旅館。
5）“跟著……讀”，例如：
Now let’s read the text. Follow me please．現(xiàn)在我們朗讀課文。請(qǐng)跟我讀。
7. Today many of them live in special areas where they can continue their way of life.今天許多印第安人住在特定的區(qū)域里，在那兒他們可以繼續(xù)保留他們的生活方式。
l）continue為及物動(dòng)詞，意為：“繼續(xù)”，其后面可跟名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語。例如：
We continued our climb．我們繼續(xù)爬山。
After that, he continued to devote himself to research work．此后，他繼續(xù)獻(xiàn)身于研究工作。
Though wounded, he continued fighting as if nothing had happened．他盡管負(fù)了傷，但他仍然繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗，好像什么也沒發(fā)生過似的。
2）continue有“延伸”的意思，相當(dāng)于“go farther”
The desert continued as far as the eye could reach．沙漠一望無際。
3）continue有“持續(xù)”之意，常和last互換。
The story is to be continued in the next issue．這個(gè)故事在下期連載。
8.The government has started a new school project in which Inuit teach their own young children．政府已經(jīng)開始實(shí)施一項(xiàng)新的辦學(xué)計(jì)劃，使因紐特人能教授自己的`后代。
1.start vt．其后面可跟名詞、代詞、不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語，并且意義各不相同：
1)開始
We have started a new experiment．我們已經(jīng)開始了一項(xiàng)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)。
2)開辦
He is collecting money to start a special school．他正在籌集資金開辦一所特別學(xué)校。
3)使……開始，使……發(fā)動(dòng)
Because of the cold weather, we couldn’t start the car this morning．由于天氣寒冷，今天早上我們發(fā)動(dòng)不了汽車
2.start vi．
1)表示“起程，開始旅行”
We started for London at 6 o’clock．我們六點(diǎn)鐘出發(fā)去倫敦。
2)表示“開始工作，開始起作用，開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”
The bus won’t start．汽車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來。
3.start后常加不定式或動(dòng)名詞表示“開始做某事”，即start to do或start doing，一般情況下可以互換，但下列情形中，往往選擇其中之一。
1)當(dāng)我們談?wù)撘豁?xiàng)長期的習(xí)慣性的活動(dòng)時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞,如：
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你最初彈鋼琴的時(shí)候有多大？比較
She sat down at the piano and started to play/playing the piano．她在鋼琴前坐下開始彈了 起來。
2)在start本身為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)候，不使用動(dòng)名詞。
I’m starting to cook the dinner．我正要開始煮飯。
3）以上用法也適合于用begin表“開始”。
注意：在一些習(xí)慣用法上，start和begin的搭配不同：
Come along, everybody. Let’s start work at once．
Come along, everybody. Let’s begin to work at once．
伙計(jì)們讓我們立即干起來吧
Today we start from page 15．
Today we begin at page 15．
今天我們從第 15頁開始。
9．So, it is hoped that the way of Inuit life will be kept alive for many mare centuries. 這樣，人們希望因紐特的人的生活方式保存更多的世紀(jì)。
l）It is hoed that…就相當(dāng)于People hope that…“人們希望……”這樣一個(gè)句型，像這樣的句型還有：
It is said that…“據(jù)說，人們說”
It is reported that…“據(jù)報(bào)道，有報(bào)道說”
It is announced that…“據(jù)公布，據(jù)報(bào)道”
It is suggested that…“據(jù)建議，有人建議”例如：
It is said that he is writing a new novel. Or: People say that he is writing a new novel.據(jù)說他正在寫一部新小說。
It is reported that a fire broke out in that village．據(jù)報(bào)道那個(gè)村莊發(fā)生了一場火災(zāi)。
It is suggested that the sports meet should be put off to next Friday．有人建議把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)改在下星期五開。
2）keep…alive使……活著，使……繼續(xù)保持下去。keep為使動(dòng)詞，意為“使……怎么樣”后面可跟形容詞、分詞及介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：
I’m sorry to keep you standing like that．對(duì)不起，讓你就這么站著。
Please keep the door open．請(qǐng)不要關(guān)門。
Keep him away from the wet paint．不要讓他靠近未干的油漆。
3）alive adj.常作表語或后置定語，意思是“活著的，存在的，在世上的”，如：
They are the happiest children alive．他們是當(dāng)代最幸福的孩子們。
An enemy officer was caught alive．一名敵軍官被活捉。
After that war, all his fellows died, and only he was alive.那場戰(zhàn)爭后，他的同伴都死了，惟獨(dú)他還活著。
10.settle v.
1)定居，安家落戶
After years of travel, we decided to settle here.
He settled in the country after his retirement.
2)在某處停歇或停留一時(shí)
The bird settled on a branch.
Clouds have settled over the mountain tops.
3)使……平靜，鎮(zhèn)靜，放松
Wait until all the excitement has settled.
He had been quite anxious, but I managed to settle his mind.
4)解決，處理，安排好
Nothing is settled yet.
Weve settled that we will leave next week.
11.refer v.
1)提到，說到，涉及到
When I said some people were stupid, I wasnt referring to you.
Dont refer to this matter again, please.
2)與……有關(guān)，關(guān)系到……
What I have to say refers to all of you.
3)查詢，查找
If you dont know what this means, please refer to a dictionary.
I referred to my watch for the exact time.
12.freeze v.
1)結(jié)冰，凝固
Water freezes at 0℃.
The government decided to freeze prices for six months.
2)指天氣，冷得使水結(jié)成冰，嚴(yán)寒
Dont go out in such freezing weather.
It may freeze tonight, so make sure the plants are covered.
3)能冷凍儲(chǔ)藏，冷藏
Some fruits dont freeze well at all.
He bought a packet of frozen peas for the girl.
13.struggle against與struggle for
struggle against 和……斗爭，相當(dāng)于fight against。
struggle for 為……而斗爭， 相當(dāng)于fight for。
1）The revolutionaries struggle________ the freedom of all people.
A. for B. with C. against D. to
答案：A
2）They struggled________ the strong wind and finally reached the village.
A. for B. with C. against D .to
答案：C
語法---主謂一致
1．主語在形式上是復(fù)數(shù), 而謂語動(dòng)詞則用單數(shù)。
1) 表時(shí)間、重量、長度、距離等的名詞, 盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但通�？醋饕粋�(gè)整體, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Two hours is not enough for the work.兩小時(shí)對(duì)于這工作是不夠的。
2) 以-ics 結(jié)尾表示學(xué)科名稱的名詞作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Mathematics is my favourite
subject．數(shù)學(xué)是我最喜歡的科目。
3) 書名、國名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
The United Nations was founded in 1945．聯(lián)合國成立于1945年。
4) 有些用來表示由兩個(gè)相同部分連成一體的復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 如shoes, trousers等作主語時(shí), 若前面有“一雙”、“一條”之類的詞時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), 否則用復(fù)數(shù)。
A pair of shoes is under the bed．床下有一雙鞋。
My trousers are worn out．我的褲子穿破了。
2．主語在形式上是單數(shù), 而謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。
1) 有些集體名詞, 如 police, people, cattle, 等, 形式上是單數(shù), 但謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
Traffic police are always very busy．交警總是很忙。
2) 有些形容詞加上“the”, 表示一類人, 此時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
The old are taken good care of in our country．在我們國家老人需要好好照顧。
3．謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語的內(nèi)涵．有些集體名詞, 如family, class, group, team 等作主語 時(shí), 若作為一個(gè)整體, 謂語用單數(shù), 若強(qiáng)調(diào)具體成員時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
My family isnt very large.我的家不太大。
My family are watching TV now．我的家人現(xiàn)在看電視。
4．用不定代詞作主語, 應(yīng)注意：
1) both 作主語, 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
Both of them were at home yesterday．他們倆昨天都在家。
2) either和neither作主語, 謂語通常用單數(shù)。
Has either of them told you about it? 有關(guān)此事, 他們中有人告訴過你嗎？
3) each 以及 any, some, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Is everybody here? 大家都到了嗎？
Each of us has something to say.我們每個(gè)人都有話要說。
4) none 作主語, 既可用作單數(shù), 也可用作復(fù)數(shù), 但若none代替不可數(shù)的東西時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。
None of the telephones is/are work．沒有一部電話能打。
None of the water is fit to drink.沒有一點(diǎn)水可供飲用。
5) all 和some 作主語, 應(yīng)根據(jù)其所代表的名詞來決定其單復(fù)數(shù)。
All has been explained．全部內(nèi)容都作了解釋。
All were very excited．所有的人都非常興奮。
5．在使用并列主語時(shí), 應(yīng)注意：
1) 由“both…and…”連接的主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Both the boy and the girl are good at English．男孩和女孩都擅長英語。
2) 由 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…連接的主語, 謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)與鄰近的主語保持一致．
Either you or he is wrong．或者你或者他是錯(cuò)的。
6．There be句型中, 謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)也是要與其鄰近的主語保持一致。
There is a book and two pens on the desk.在桌子上有一本書和兩支鉛筆。
主謂一致練習(xí)
1. When the accident happened, the policeman and driver ______ parking the police car.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
2. A number of scientists ______ that the number of wild animals ______ getting smaller and smaller.
A. say; are B. say; is C. say; have been D. say; were
3. Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who ______ to visit the museum______ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.
A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are
4. One or two days ______ quite enough to finish the work. ______ you or Jim going to work with me?
A. is; Is B. are; Is C. are; Are D. is; Are
5. E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
6. ______ of the forest ______ pine trees, which _______ at least three or four metres in height.
A. Two third; are; are B. Two thirds; is; is C. Two third; is; are D. Two thirds; are; are
7. The following ______ some other examples with Chinese explanations.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
8. The Garth family, which ______ rather a large one ______ very fond of their old house.
A. were; were B. was; were C. were; was D. was; was
答案：1. was（主語指同一個(gè)人.） 2. B 3. C（定語從句修飾teachers，因此從句中謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。） 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. A（此句用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，主語為some other examples.） 8. B
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案：Lesson 25
Teaching Aims
1. Know about the difference between American English and Canadian English.
2. Practise in pairs，telling the difference between two things or two countries.
3. Study the language points in this lesson.
Step I Revision and Warming - up
1. The teacher may start like this
Now, boys and girls, we’ve learned English for nearly more than five years. In which countries in the world do the people speak English?
The teacher collects the names of the countries, write them on the blackboard, and practise their pronunciation, especially word stress.
England , Australia, New Zealand, America , Canada , and so on.
Step II Introduction
1)Say to the Ss: In the world there are so many English - speaking Countries. But do you know in different countries, people don’t speak English in the same way. So, in this period, we are going to learn the difference between American English and Canadian English. In today’s lesson, we are going to meet Dean; he’s Canadian. He is talking about Canadian English.
2)Which of the following does he talk about: grammar, vocabulary, spelling or pronunciation?
3)Write these words on the blackboard. Get the Ss to read the dialogue quickly and give the answers (Vocabulary, Spelling, Pronunciation)
Step III Listening
1.Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and follow. Now Dean is talking about Canadian English.
2 Ask the Ss to answer the two questions.
1).Is an American accent very different from a Canadian accent?
2).Do people have the same accent all over the country?
Step Ⅳ Oral Practice
1.Repeating and imitating the pronunciation and intonation about the dialogue.
2.Ask the Ss to do pair work or group work to practise this dialogic. One plays the role of Dean and the other Fang Qun. Then change the roles.
Step Ⅴ Summary of Lesson 25
To the whole class. Afte
r learning the dialogue , what do we know about Canadian English ?
Answer: There are just a few differences between a Canadian accent and an American accent. Most Canadians say news , but Americans say . Canadians mainly use American words, but they use quite a lot of British words too. Generally speaking, newsp apers follow the American way, but conference reports and schoolbooks use British spelling. In the eastern provinces, or some country areas, people speak quite differently from the rest of Canada.
Step ⅥLanguage focus
The teacher presents the following points on slides or on a screen, and asks the Ss to explain the uses of them. The teacher helps them when they have difficulties.
1) tell the difference between
2) fill…with
3) follow the American way
4) That sounds strange.
Step Ⅶ Workbook
1.Wb Lesson 25 Ex.
Call out one or two Ss and ask them to read aloud each sentence. Ask the class Right or Wrong?
2. Wb Lesson 25 Ex. 2 and 3
1).First let the Ss read the dialogue to make sure the Ss know the dialogue very well before they start doing Ex 2. Then call out one or two Ss to read out their completed passage to the whole class to check the answers.
2).Ex 3. First get the Ss to work in pairs or in groups and then ask several pairs to read out their dialogues.
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案：Lesson 26
Teaching Aims
1. Learn Lesson 26 to get the brief ideas of Canada, such as the size, the weather, the history, the agriculture, energy, geography, and the language.
2. The students are required to answer the questions raised both by the teacher and in the passage.
Step Ⅰ Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Revise the dialogue in Lesson 25 by asking the Ss to act out their dialogue.
3. Get the Ss to do some oral work with the key words and sentence patterns in Lesson 25.
Step ⅡIntroduction
1)T: Today we’ll learn something about Canada. What do you already know about this country? Is there anybody in our class who has ever been to Canada before? T encourages the Ss to discuss before .
2) T shows a map of Canada, asking and answering the following questions.
1.Is Canada larger or smaller than China?
－Larger than China.
2. What do you think the weather is like in Canada?
�。璚eather in the north, temperatures in the south, temperatures in the west.
Step Ⅲ Listening and Word Study
1.Play the tape and let Ss listen and follow.
2.Deal with Part 3 and 4 on Page 35. Explain what the Ss have to do. Then let them work individually at this exercise, check them in the end.
StepⅣ Reading
Get the Ss to read the passage carefully, paying attention to the correct way of saying the population, the size, the temperatures, and then get the Ss to answer the following.
Step Ⅴ Practice
1. Get the Ss to do SB Page 39, Part 3 word study. First explain to them what they have to do, then let them do this exercise individually and check their answers.
2. Ask the Ss to do SB Page 39 Part 4, following the example and doing it in pairs and check their answers at the end.
3. Get the Ss to do Note making and discussion. First make sure that the Ss know what to do, then ask them to do Note making individually and do the discussion in pairs or in groups.
Step Ⅵ Further practise
1)T organizes the Ss to divide several groups, talk about the topic is what’s the most impression of the Canada for you? T gives them a few minutes to change their ideas ,then ask a group to talk in front of the class.
2) According to the text, T let them work individually at this time, then T asks several Ss to say about it.
Same as China
Different from China
Large land
Canada has 2 official languages
Step Ⅶ Workbook
1). Lesson 26Ex.2. helps Ss revise the information about Canada and English numbers. After finishing their pair work, some of the Ss may be asked to read aloud the whole passage to the rest of the whole class.
2).Before doing Ex 3, revise the phrases in the box by doing Chinese - English translation. Then open books. Let the Ss do the exercise in pairs and finally check the answers with the whole class.
Step Ⅷ Summary
Books closed. Get the Ss to tell the teacher as much information about Canada as they can.
Answer:
Canada is the second largest country in the world. The distance from east to west is over 5 500 kilometres and covers six of the world’s 24 time areas. The population of Canada is about 29 million and the capital is Ottawa. There are two official languages, French and English, as in China, the weather is different from area to area. Canada has one third of the world’s supply of fresh water. Most of the electricity is produced by water.
Population
29 million
English
French settlers
Size
5, 500 kilometres
Covers six of
The world’s 24 time areas
Capital
Ottawa
Energy
water
c
oal
Oil, natural gas
Language
English
French
Weather
Different from area to area
north, winter
long, hard
-60℃ average -10℃ summer 20℃ Jan 3℃ July 18℃
Step ⅨHomework
Retell the whole text, finish off the exercises left.
探究活動(dòng)
1. 談?wù)摚航處熃o學(xué)生分成幾個(gè)小組，看哪個(gè)小組說得流利和詞語準(zhǔn)確，把話題寫在黑板上If none of you have ever been to Canada before, in the future what place do you go there? 最后教師可分別評(píng)定結(jié)果。
2.介紹：學(xué)完這加拿課后，教師問學(xué)生們還知道哪些國家，教師可給學(xué)生們舉幾個(gè)國家例子，如介紹：芬蘭，新加坡， 澳大利亞等。教師可給學(xué)生介紹意大利的概況，如寫出這些關(guān)鍵詞語，Italy looks like a boot. Rome is the capital of Italy. The Leaning Tower is the best Known building in Pisa. Galileo Galilei, was born in Pisa.讓學(xué)生簡單的介紹和說明。
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