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關(guān)于Varnish配置筆記記錄
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：Varnish是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的反向代理軟件和HTTP加速器，與傳統(tǒng)的Squid相比，Varnish具有性能更高、速度更快、管理更方便等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，很多大型的運(yùn)營(yíng)網(wǎng)站都開(kāi)始嘗試用Varnish來(lái)替換Squid,這些都促使Varnish迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。
1、準(zhǔn)備工作及下載源碼包
yum install -y automake autoconf libtool ncurses-devel libxslt groff pcre-devel pkgconfig
wget http://repo.varnish-cache.org/source/varnish-3.0.3.tar.gz
2、安裝
tar zxf varnish-3.0.3.tar.gz
cd varnish-3.0.3
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/varnish
make && make install
3、添加Varnishd進(jìn)程用戶www,用戶組www,創(chuàng)建/var/vcache目錄，使www用戶有權(quán)限可讀寫
groupadd www
useradd www -g www
mkdir /home/vcache
chown -R www:www /home/vcache
chmod -R 750 /home/vcache
4、編輯/etc/sysctl.conf 優(yōu)化幾個(gè)內(nèi)核參數(shù)
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000
運(yùn)行sysctl -p 重新按配置文件設(shè)置內(nèi)核參數(shù)
5、啟動(dòng)Varnishd
/usr/local/varnish/sbin/varnishd -u www -g www -f /usr/local/varnish/etc/varnish/varnish.conf -a 0.0.0.0:80 -s file,/home/vcache/varnish_cache.data,100M -w 1024,8192,10 -t 3600 -T 127.0.0.1:3500
參數(shù)說(shuō)明：
-u 以什么用運(yùn)行
-g 以什么組運(yùn)行
-f varnish配置文件
-a 綁定IP和端口
-s varnish緩存文件位置與大小
-w 最小，最大線程和超時(shí)時(shí)間
-T varnish管理端口，主要用來(lái)清除緩存
-p client_http11=on 支持http1.1協(xié)議
-P(大P) /usr/local/varnish/var/varnish.pid 指定其進(jìn)程碼文件的位置，實(shí)現(xiàn)管理
6、啟動(dòng)varnishncsa用來(lái)將Varnish訪問(wèn)日志寫入日志文件：
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishncsa -n /home/vcache -w /var/log/varnish.log &
7、Varnish 緩存清除
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishadm -T 192.168.1.180:3500 purge "req.http.host ~ www.5013.org$ && req.url ~ /static/image/tp.php"
說(shuō)明：
192.168.1.180:3000 為被清除緩存服務(wù)器地址
www.5013.org 為被清除的域名
/static/image/tp.php 為被清除的url地址列表
清除所有緩存
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishadm -T 192.168.1.180:3500 url.purge *$
清除image目錄下所有緩存
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishadm -T 192.168.1.180:3500 url.purge /image/
8、將加入啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)
vi /etc/rc.local
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/varnish/sbin/varnishd -u www -g www -f /usr/local/varnish/etc/varnish/varnish.conf -a 0.0.0.0:80 -s file,/home/vcache/varnish_cache.data,100M -w 1024,8192,10 -t 3600 -T 127.0.0.1:3500
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishncsa -n /home/vcache -w /var/log/varnish.log &
9、殺掉varnishd進(jìn)程
pkill varnishd
10、查看varnishd命中率
/usr/local/varnish/bin/varnishstat
11、更新系統(tǒng)時(shí)間
yum install -y ntp
ntpdate time.nist.gov
echo "00 01 * * * ntpdate time.nist.gov" 》 /etc/crontab
附件多主機(jī)多域名varnish.conf 配置
backend blog {
.host = "198.56.193.190";
.port = "80";
}
backend www {
.host = "192.168.1.170";
.port = "80";
}
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?5013.org$") {
set req.backend = blog;
} elsif (req.http.host ~ "^(www.)?(test1.com|test2.com)$") {
set req.backend = www;
} else {
error 404 "Unknown virtual host";
}
}
sub vcl_recv {
if (req.restarts == 0) {
if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =
req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip;
} else {
set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;
}
}
#把除了以下這些類型請(qǐng)求以外的訪問(wèn)請(qǐng)求全部直接管道發(fā)送到后端的服務(wù)器
if (req.request != "GET" &&
req.request != "HEAD" &&
req.request != "PUT" &&
req.request != "POST" &&
req.request != "TRACE" &&
req.request != "OPTIONS" &&
req.request != "DELETE") {
/* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */
return (pipe);
}
#只有GET與HEAD方法才會(huì)使用Lookup,使用緩存。
if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") {
/* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */
return (pass);
}
# if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {
# /* Not cacheable by default */
# return (pass);
# }
#如果請(qǐng)求的是php頁(yè)面直接轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到后端服務(wù)器
if (req.url ~ ".(php|cgi)($|?)") {
return (pass);
}
return (lookup);
}
sub vcl_pipe {
return (pipe);
}
sub vcl_pass {
return (pass);
}
sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
if (req.http.host) {
hash_data(req.http.host);
} else {
hash_data(server.ip);
}
return (hash);
}
sub vcl_hit {
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_miss {
return (fetch);
}
sub vcl_fetch {
if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||
beresp.http.Set-Cookie ||
beresp.http.Vary == "*") {
/*
* Mark as "Hit-For-Pass" for the next 2 minutes
*/
set beresp.ttl = 120 s;
return (hit_for_pass);
}
if (req.url ~ ".(png|gif|jpg)$") {
unset beresp.http.set-cookie;
set beresp.ttl = 1h;
}
#設(shè)置圖片的緩存TTL為一小時(shí)
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_deliver {
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_error {
set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
set obj.http.Retry-After = "5";
synthetic {"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
Error "} + obj.status + " " + obj.response + {"
"} + obj.response + {"
Guru Meditation:
XID: "} + req.xid + {"
Varnish cache server
"};
return (deliver);
}
sub vcl_init {
return (ok);
}
sub vcl_fini {
return (ok);
}
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