虛擬語氣的語法分析

　　導語：虛擬語氣用來表達不可能或難以實現(xiàn)的愿望，與事實相反的假設(shè)，通常分為基本的三種形式。下面是小編為您收集整理的虛擬語氣的'語法，歡迎閱讀!

　　虛擬語氣的基本形式：

　　1. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬：

　　If + did / were + ..., ... would/ should/ could/ might + do (動詞原形)

　　If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.)

　　If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.)

　　2. 與過去事實相反的虛擬：

　　If + had done + ..., ... would (might) have done ...

　　If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you. (I didn't know your telephone number.)

　　If you had come here a little earlier just now, you might have met her. (You didn't come here earlier.)

　　3. 與將來事實相反的虛擬：

　　(1) If + should + v., ... would + v. (可能性很小)(譯作“萬一”)

　　If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.

　　If I should fail, what should Ido?

　　(2) If + did / were to + v ..., would + v. (完全不可能)

　　If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.

　　If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car.

　　虛擬語氣的特殊用法：

　　● 下列動詞后的“賓語從句”中需要用虛擬形式，即should + 動詞原形，shoud在美國英語中要省略(TOEFL語法考點)。此類常見的動詞有：order, ask, decide, demand, require, recommend, suggest(建議),insist(堅決要求), advise, etc.

　　He suggested that we (should) help them with English.

　　The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be finished within half an hour.

　　● 下列名詞后的同位語從句中要用“should + 動詞原形”(should可省去)的虛擬。此類常見的名詞有：suggestion, order, request, demand, importance, proposal.

　　He made a suggestion that we (should) have a fancy dress party.

　　I think it is a thing of importance that it (should) be done soon.

　　● It is / was important / necessary / natural / essential / advisable / strange / surprising, ect. + that +主語+ should + v.

　　It is strange that you should say such a thing.

　　It was important that you should tell me all the information.

　　● wish后的賓語從句中，as if 后的狀語從句中，須用下列的虛擬形式：

　　主 + wish+ (that) + 主 + did / were(指現(xiàn)在)

　　had done(指過去)

　　would+ v.(指將來)

　　I wish that I met my uncle now.

　　I wish I had met my uncle yesterday.

　　I wish I could meet my uncle tomorrow.

　　● It is (high) time that ... + did / were ...

　　It is time that you went to bed.

　　● would rather that ... + did / were ...

　　I would rather that you were not here now.

　　● would sooner that ... + did / were ...

　　I would sooner that you got up earlier.

　　I would sooner that you were not my brother.

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