2024年6月25日托福考試真題閱讀

　　在學習、工作生活中，我們會經(jīng)常接觸并使用試題，通過試題可以檢測參試者所掌握的知識和技能。一份好的試題都是什么樣子的呢？以下是小編為大家整理的2024年6月25日托�？荚囌骖}閱讀，希望能夠幫助到大家。

　　6月25日托福考試真題閱讀 1

　　Study Finds Web Antifraud Measure Ineffective

　　1. Internet security experts have long known that simple passwords do not fully defend online bank accounts from determined fraud artists. Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection.

　　2.The study, produced jointly by researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, looked at a technology called site-authentication images. In the system, currently used by financial institutions like Bank of America, ING Direct and Vanguard, online banking customers are asked to select an image, like a dog or chess piece, that they will see every time they log in to their account.

　　3.The idea is that if customers do not see their image, they could be at a fraudulent Web site, dummied up to look like their banks, and should not enter their passwords.

　　4.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers tested that hypothesis. In October, they brought 67 Bank of America customers in the Boston area into a controlled environment and asked them to conduct routine online banking activities, like looking up account balances. But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images.

　　5.Of 60 participants who got that far into the study and whose results could be verified, 58 entered passwords anyway. Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns.

　　6."The premise is that site-authentication images increase security because customers will not enter their passwords if they do not see the correct image," said Stuart Schechter, a computer scientist at the M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory. "From the study we learned that the premise is right less than 10 percent of the time."

　　7.He added: "If a bank were to ask me if they should deploy it, I would say no, wait for something better," he said.

　　8.The system has some high-power supporters in the financial services world, many trying to comply with new online banking regulations. In 2005, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, an interagency body of federal banking regulators, determined that passwords alone did not effectively thwart intruders like identity thieves.

　　9.It issued new guidelines, asking financial Web sites to find better ways for banks and customers to identify each other online. January 2007 was set as the compliance date, though the council has yet to begin enforcing the mandate.

　　10.Banks immediately knew what they did not want to do: ask customers to download new security software, or carry around hardware devices that feed them PIN codes they can use to authenticate their identities. Both solutions would add an extra layer of security but, the banks believed, detract from the convenience of online banking.

　　11.The image system, introduced in 2004 by a Silicon Valley firm called PassMark Security, offered banks a pain-free addition to their security arsenals. Bank of America was among the first to adopt it, in June 2005, under the brand name SiteKey, asking its 21 million Web site users to select an image from thousands of possible choices and to choose a unique phrase they would see every time they logged in.

　　12.SiteKey "gives our customers a fairly easy way of authenticating the Bank of America Web site," said Sanjay Gupta, an e-commerce executive at the bank. "It was very well received."

　　13.The Harvard and M.I.T. researchers, however, found that most online banking customers did not notice when the SiteKey images were absent. When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured. The error message also had a conspicuous spelling mistake, further suggesting something fishy.

　　14.Mr. Gupta of Bank of America said he was not troubled by the results of the survey, and stressed that SiteKey had made the banks Web site more secure. He also said that the system was only a single part of a larger security blanket. "Its not like were betting the bank on SiteKey," he said.

　　15.Most financial institutions, like Bank of America, have other ways to tell if a customer is legitimate. The banks often drop a small software program, called a cookie, onto a users PC to associate the computer with the customer. If the customer logs in from another machine, he may be asked personal questions, like his mothers maiden name.

　　16.Rachna Dhamija, the Harvard researcher who conducted the study, points out that swindlers can use their dummy Web sites to ask customers those personal questions. She said that the study demonstrated that site-authentication images are fundamentally flawed and, worse, might actually detract from security by giving users a false sense of confidence.

　　17.RSA Security, the company that bought PassMark last year, "has a lot of great data on how SiteKey instills trust and confidence and good feelings in their customers," Ms. Dhamija said. "Ultimately that might be why they adopted it. Sometimes the appearance of security is more important than security itself."

　　(811 words)

　　Questions 1-5 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

　　TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

　　FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

　　NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

　　1.According to internet security experts, secondary security measures provide little additional protection against fraud.

　　2.In the Harvard and MIT study, two subjects didnt log on without seeing the correct pictures.

　　3.According to Schechter, more than 90% of online banking customers studied logged on without seeing the right pictures.

　　4.The image system is the only security measure that the banks mentioned in the passage have currently.

　　5.Bank of America is the first bank that adopted the image system.

　　Questions 6-13 Answer the following questions or complete the following sentences by choosing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

　　6.What is ING Direct and Vanguard?

　　7.What might online banking customers be cheated to give at a fraudulent Web site?

　　8.What may stop online banking customers from using new verification methods?

　　9.The key to online banking security is to verify the ______ of customers.

　　10.Where is PassMark Security located?

　　11.What is the reason why SiteKey is popular among online banking customers?

　　12.What was used instead of images in the Harvard and M.I.T. study?

　　13.How many security methods are mentioned in this passage?

　　Answer keys

　　1. 第一段"Now a study suggests that a popular secondary security measure provides little additional protection."似與問題文字很接近，但是原文中a popular secondary security measure是指特定的一個措施，而非泛指所有secondary security measure。原文沒有其它secondary security measure安全有效性的內(nèi)容。故應(yīng)選擇NG。

　　2. 見第4、5段內(nèi)容。第四段 "But the researchers had secretly withdrawn the images."即研究人員撤下了圖形，第五段"Only two chose not to log on, citing security concerns."，有兩個人因為安全考慮未進入。

　　3. T 見第6段。

　　4. F 見第11、14段。

　　5. F 見第11段"Bank of America was among the first to adopt it"，可見首批采用圖形識別軟件的銀行并非Bank of America一家。

　　6. A financial institution 見第二段。

　　7. (their) passwords 見第三段。

　　8. less convenience 見第十段。

　　9. identity 見第八、十段。

　　10. Silicon Valley 見第十一段。

　　11. easy to use 見第十二段。

　　12. site maintenance message 見第十三段"When respondents logged in during the study, they saw a site maintenance message on the screen where their image and phrases should have been pictured."

　　13. 4 分別見第十段的"download new security software"和"hardware devices that feed them PIN codes"，第十五段的."a small software program, called a cookie"，以及本文提到的site-authentication images。

　　6月25日托�？荚囌骖}閱讀 2

　　You have your dream interview lined up. Buthow do you ensure that you get the best possiblesalary?

　　While the pay for junior-level positions is typicallyfixed, mid- to senior-level employees and managershave more flexibility to negotiate their salaries. Hereare some tips from recruiters and human-resourcemanagers that can help improve your chances ofsnagging a high salary.

　　1. Research, research, research

　　To get a better salary, begin by figuring out whats the highest you can get. Do goodhomework on what are the prevailing salaries for a similar role in the industry, says SanjayPandit, managing director of recruiting firm Manpower Services India.

　　This is easier said than done, because companies dont exactly publish their pay scales inthe newspaper.

　　Ask your friends or trustworthy colleagues about potential salaries for someone with yourrelevant experience and skills. If you are working through a recruiting company, they might beable to give you a range.

　　Finally, you can try using networking web sites like LinkedIn to connect with people in thefield or company you are applying to, who in turn could provide you with some guidance.

　　It might help to dig through the annual reports of the company you are applying to andread recent news reports, in order to figure out how the company is doing financially. A largerand more successful company can afford to pay higher salaries than a smaller or struggling one.

　　2. Curb your eagerness

　　As with any negotiation, if you convey your eagerness for something, you lose yourbargaining power. Whoever shows more interest always gets less, says Sanjay Muthal,managing director of executive search firm NuGrid Consulting Pvt. Ltd., in Mumbai.

　　Candidates need to strike a balance between appearing interested in the particular job,and not appearing too eager.

　　Mr. Muthal advises talking about macro issues such as the role youre applying for andpotential responsibilities, rather than discussing the nitty-gritty of expected pay. If yougenerate a terrific impression, then salary follows, he says.

　　3. Wait to be asked

　　Candidates should not begin the salary discussion because that makes themcome acrossas being too money-minded, says Zak Parker, regional HR director of North Africa, Middle East& Southern Asia for security services firm G4S PLC.

　　Wait for the company to start the salary negotiation. It might help to delay the discussiontill all interview rounds are over. The further along you are in the interview process, the moreinterested the hiring managers would be in you. That puts you in a better position to ask for ahigher salary, because the manager might go back to the human resources team or thebudgeting team to ask for more money for you.

　　Language Points:

　　Exam Focus:

　　(1)

　　A Ask friends for help.

　　B Digging through daily newspaper.

　　C Try to get connected with your recruitingcompany.

　　D Surf the Internet for more details.

　　(2)

　　A If you are interested in your job, you will be better paid.

　　B Eagerness is essential in that it gives your employer more pressure on salary issue.

　　C Make sure to get a job that you are interested in.

　　D Try to hide your feelings so as not to lose the bargaining power.

　　Oral Topic:

　　In what way can you persuade your boss to raise your salary?

　　Keys:

　　(1) B

　　(2) D

　　參考譯文：

　　你終于得到夢寐以求的那家公司的面試機會，但如何才能為自己爭取到最好的薪酬水平?

　　企業(yè)普通崗位的工資水平通常是固定的，但中高層雇員和經(jīng)理有更大的靈活性來談判自己的薪酬�，F(xiàn)在，招聘專家和人力資源經(jīng)理告訴你八個小竅門，讓你更有可能談妥一個高工資。

　　1. 研究，研究，再研究

　　要爭取到更高的薪水，得先弄清楚自己能拿到的最高薪酬是多少。印度職介公司Manpower ServicesIndia總經(jīng)理潘迪特(Sanjay Pandit)說，要好好研究一下該行業(yè)類似職位的主流薪酬狀況。

　　說起來容易，做起來難，因為企業(yè)不會把自己的薪酬情況堂而皇之刊登在報紙上面。

　　你可以問朋友或值得信賴的同事，擁有像你這樣資歷和技能的人大致能拿到多少工資。如果有招聘公司為你提供服務(wù)，他們也許能夠給你一個大致的薪酬區(qū)間。

　　最后，你可以嘗試使用LinkedIn這樣的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，與你想申請的領(lǐng)域或企業(yè)的人建立聯(lián)系，他們能給你一些建議。

　　研究意向企業(yè)的年報或查看近期的相關(guān)報導也可能管用，這樣可以了解那家企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟實力。與規(guī)模較小或經(jīng)營困難的`企業(yè)相比，一家更大更成功的企業(yè)開出來的工資會更高。

　　2. 不要表現(xiàn)得迫不及待

　　在任何談判中，如果你表現(xiàn)出自己渴望得到某樣東西，就會失去談判的籌碼。印度孟買獵頭公司NuGridConsulting Pvt. Ltd.的總經(jīng)理穆沙爾(Sanjay Muthal)說，你表現(xiàn)得越有興趣，得到的反而越少。

　　應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)該保持不溫不火的態(tài)度，既展現(xiàn)出對特定職位的興趣，又不至于讓人感覺你已迫不及待。

　　穆沙爾建議應(yīng)聘者多談?wù)撘恍┖暧^層面上的東西，如你申請的職位及其職責等，而不要在預期薪酬這種細枝末節(jié)上糾纏不清。他說，如果你給面試官留下很好的印象，薪酬自然會水漲船高。

　　3. 不要主動問薪水問題

　　安全服務(wù)提供商杰富仕公司(G4S PLC)負責北非、中東、南亞區(qū)域的人力資源主管帕克爾(Zak Parker)說，應(yīng)聘者不應(yīng)該主動提出薪水問題，因為這會讓人覺得你滿腦子只想著錢。

　　等待招聘方起頭開始薪酬方面的討論。等整個面試過程結(jié)束后再來討論相關(guān)問題也是個不錯的選擇。你的面試時間越長，招聘經(jīng)理就會對你越感興趣，就更有利于你提出更高薪酬的要求，因為招聘經(jīng)理可能回頭會去找人力資源部門或預算部門，提出為你增加薪酬。

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